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Cook bacon in a Dutch oven over medium-high heat, stirring occasionally, until it starts to crisp, 8 to 10 minutes.
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Add garlic, 1 1/2 cups of the onions, and 1 cup of the bell peppers. Cook, stirring occasionally, until softened,
about 6 minutes. Add steak and 6 cups of the broth, 1 teaspoon each of the salt and cumin, and the black pepper.
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Bring to a boil; cover and reduce heat to medium-low. Simmer until steak is tender, about 1 hour and 30 minutes.
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Using tongs, remove steak from broth. Cool slightly, and shred meat into very thin threads.
Add beans and panela to broth.
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Bring to a boil over medium-high heat. Reduce heat to medium-low and simmer, uncovered, until beans are tender, about 2 hours.
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Heat 1/4 cup of the oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add 3/4 teaspoon each of the salt and achiote paste, and remaining 1 cup onions, 1 cup bell peppers, and 3/4 teaspoon cumin.
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Cook, stirring occasionally, until softened, about 6 minutes. Stir in shredded meat and cook, stirring occasionally, until vegetables are tender and meat begins to crisp around edges, about 8 minutes. Reduce heat to low, stir in Worcestershire sauce and remaining 1 cup broth; cook, stirring occasionally, until liquid is absorbed, 15 to 20 minutes.
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Cut the plantains diagonally into 1/2-inch-thick slices. Heat the remaining 1/4 cup oil in a large nonstick skillet over medium heat. Cook plantains until golden brown, about 2 minutes per side.
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Transfer to a plate lined with paper towels, and sprinkle with the remaining 1/4 teaspoon salt.
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Divide the meat, plantains, and rice evenly among 4 plates. Using a slotted spoon, place beans on plates.
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Tip: When cooking the plantains, make sure the pan does not get too hot, as they will easily burn given their high sugar content.
Enjoy!